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/ Indicative Syllabus Introduction of biomolecules and their function to sustain beauty and healthy life; Water: Structure and properties of water and ice; Influence of water activity on chemical and biochemical reactions; Carbohydrates: structures, sources and properties. Simple carbohydrates including monosaccharides, oligosaccarides, polysaccharides and its related compounds; Lipids: structure, sources, properties and classification of lipids; Deteriorative reactions of lipids: Autoxidation and lipolysis; Modification of fats; Protein: structure, sources, properties and classification of protein; denaturation, non-enzymatic browning and cross-linking; Vitamins: structure, sources, properties and group: water-soluble and fat-soluble vitamins; technical roles of vitamins. Enzymatic reactions: glycolysis and tricarboxylic acid cycle; lipid metabolism; beta-oxidation
/ Indicative Syllabus Metrology and Its Application • Principles and roles of metrology • Physical metrology and establishment of traceability of physical measurements • Calibration of laboratory apparatus and equipment Metrology in Chemistry • Comparability and traceability of chemical measurements • International organization and traceability chain • Inter-comparisons and certified reference materials Metrology and laboratory accreditation • Traceability of test results • Calibration programme and operation of calibration system
/ Indicative Syllabus Introduction of Toxicology (4-6 hr) Basic concepts of toxicology: dose-response; characteristics of exposure; evaluation of toxicity; Toxicokinetics: mechanism of absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion (ADME); Toxicodynamics. Classification of Toxins (2 hr) Exposure classes: air, water, soil, domestic, occupational settings; Use classes: metals, pesticides, food additives, contaminants, natural toxins, solvents, cosmetics. Types of Toxicity (2-4 hr) Examples of hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, neurotoxicity, reproductive toxicity and respiratory toxicity Toxicity Testing and Quality Assurance (2 hr) Types of toxicity test, endpoints, effects; Test guidelines and requirements Data Interpretation and Risk
/ Indicative Syllabus Overview of Microbiological Techniques (6 hr) Aseptic laboratory techniques; use of cultures and staining techniques for identification of microbes; culture methods; application of PCR on the detection of microbial pathogens; methods for antigen-antibody detection: Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and further application. Indicative Titles of Experiments Bacterial Enumeration Staining methods in bacterial pathogens Isolation and molecular identification of foodborne pathogens Antimicrobial Susceptibility Tests Immunological detection of allergens
/ Indicative Syllabus • Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Preparation of Regioselective Bromine-containing Aromatic Compounds • Photochemical Coupling of Benzophenone Followed by an Acid Catalyzed Rearrangement. • Michael Addition: Preparation of 1-Phenyl-3-phenylamino- pyrrolidine-2,5-dione. • Claisen Reaction • Malonate Ester Synthesis: Preparation of Alkyl Carboxylic Acids • Mannich-type Reaction: A Structural Problem. • Preparation of Indole • Small Peptide Synthesis
/ Indicative Syllabus Quantum Chemistry Schrodinger equation. Simple systems with exact solution: particle-in-a- box and its application to conjugated systems, solution of the hydrogen atom. Many-electron atoms: Hartree-Fock self-consistent-field method, angular momentum coupling, term symbols. Atomic Spectroscopy: emissions, absorption and selection rules. Qualitative molecular orbital theory and Huckel theory. Electrochemical properties and Electrolyte Solutions Electrolyte and properties of ions: Activity, conductivity, ionic mobility, ionic strength, Debye-Huckel theory. Electrochemical properties: Electromotive force (emf) and free energy, Nernst equation and its applications, applications of emf measurements.
/ Indicative Syllabus Determination of nickel in brass by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Graphite furnace atomic absorption – determination of trace amounts of aluminium in beverages packed in a two-layered aluminium can. Fluorometric determination of riboflavin (vitamin B2) in Vitasoy. Analysis of phosphate by ion-exchange and potentiometric titrations. Qualitative analysis by gas chromatography: determination of aromatic hydrocarbons using a thermal conductivity detector. Quantitative analysis by gas chromatography: trace aromatics in industrial grade aliphatic hydrocarbon solvents. High-performance liquid chromatography of plastic plasticizers using a silica-gel adsorption column. C8 reverse-phase ion-pair HPLC separation of food dyes. -- 1 of 3 --
/ Indicative Syllabus Quantum Chemistry Schrodinger equation. Simple systems with exact solution: particle-in-a- box and its application to conjugated systems, solution of the hydrogen atom. Many-electron atoms: Hartree-Fock self-consistent-field method, angular momentum coupling, term symbols. Atomic Spectroscopy: emissions, absorption and selection rules. Qualitative molecular orbital theory and Huckel theory. Electrochemical properties and Electrolyte Solutions Electrolyte and properties of ions: Activity, conductivity, ionic mobility, ionic strength, Debye-Huckel theory. Electrochemical properties: Electromotive force (emf) and free energy, Nernst equation and its applications, applications of emf measurements.
/ Indicative Syllabus Overview of Chemical Analysis Test methods and validation; performance characteristics; quantitative methods; quality management and laboratory accreditation; sample preparation techniques. Atomic Absorption and Emission Spectroscopy Basic concepts; comparison with molecular spectroscopy; components of atomic absorption/emission spectrometers; the flame and graphite furnace atomizers; the inductively-coupled plasma excitation source; interference effects; applications. X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry Absorption and emission of X-ray by matter; wavelength and energy dispersive instruments. Quantitative analysis methodology: sample preparation, matrix effects, methodology for computer-aided qualitative and quantitative analysis, applications. Molecular Luminescence Spectroscopy Fluorescence and phosphorescence: basic principles, instrumentations and applications. -- 1 of 3 -- Chromatographic Techniques Fundamentals of chromatography: the chromatographic process; general description of chromatography; column efficiency and resolution; the general chromatographic theory. Gas Chromatography: basic instrumentation; types of columns; choice of stationary phases; properties of thermal conductivity, flame ionization and electron capture detectors; temperature-programming, qualitative and quantitative analytical methodology. High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: development of liquid chromatography; instrumentation; adsorption chromatography; partition chromatography; ion exchange chromatography; size exclusion chromatography; other chromatographic techniques.
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暂无评分/ Indicative Syllabus 15. Benzene and Aromaticity. 16. Chemistry of Benzene: Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution. 17. Alcohols and Phenols. 18. Ethers and Epoxides; Thiols and Sulfides. A Preview of Carbonyl Compounds. 19. Aldehydes and Ketones: Nucleophilic Addition Reactions. 20. Carboxylic Acids and Nitriles. 21. Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Nucleophilic Acyl Substitution Reactions. 22. Carbonyl Alpha-Substitution Reactions. 23. Carbonyl Condensation Reactions. 24. Amines and Heterocycles. 25. Biomolecules: Carbohydrates. 26. Biomolecules: Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins. -- 1 of 3 --
/ Indicative Syllabus Basic Concepts of Process Technology (3 hrs) The composition and layout of common processes in the chemical, biotechnology and other related industries such as food and pharmaceutical processes, including the major process units and operations, and their functions. Engineering Terms and Measurements (3 hrs) Dimension and units; definition and measurement of process variables: temperature, pressure, flow rate and mixture composition; properties of materials: ideal gas law. Brief Overview of Separation Processes (3 hrs) General concepts and classification of separation processes (unit operations); common separation processes in chemical and bioprocess plants, e.g. evaporation, filtration, centrifugation, drying, absorption, distillation, extraction, and membrane processes. Material and Energy Balances (9 hrs) Laws of mass and energy conservation; Material balances for separation (unit operations), chemical and biochemical reaction processes, and other natural and industrial processes; product yield in biological processes and -- 1 of 2 -- oxygen balance in bioreactors. Thermodynamic properties of liquids and gases, enthalpy change in systems with and without phase transition, and heats of reaction; heat and enthalpy balances for physical and reactive processes. Fluid Properties and Flow (6 hrs) Basic characteristics of fluids: hydrostatic pressure, fluid viscosity and non- Newtonian fluid rheology, laminar and turbulent flow; fluid flow energy balances, friction losses. Principles of Heat Transfer (6 hrs) Basic means of heat transfer: conduction, convection and radiation; heat transfer in solids and fluids; heat transfer coefficients; common heat- transfer equipment (heat exchangers); heat transfer and energy balances in evaporation; heat transfer and temperature control in bioreactors.
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暂无评分/ Indicative Syllabus Determination of nickel in brass by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Graphite furnace atomic absorption – determination of trace amounts of aluminium in beverages packed in a two-layered aluminium can. Fluorometric determination of riboflavin (vitamin B2) in Vitasoy. Analysis of phosphate by ion-exchange and potentiometric titrations. Qualitative analysis by gas chromatography: determination of aromatic hydrocarbons using a thermal conductivity detector. Quantitative analysis by gas chromatography: trace aromatics in industrial grade aliphatic hydrocarbon solvents. High-performance liquid chromatography of plastic plasticizers using a silica-gel adsorption column. C8 reverse-phase ion-pair HPLC separation of food dyes. -- 1 of 3 --
/ Indicative Syllabus Indicative Content Molecular symmetry Symmetry and Group theory, symmetry operation and point groups, character table, representations, application of symmetry, symmetry and molecular orbitals, molecular vibrations Coordination chemistry of transition metal complexes Structures and isomerism, bonding in coordination compounds; properties of coordination complexes; such as electronic spectra and magnetism of coordination complexes and their potential applications. Inorganic reactions and mechanisms Kinetics and mechanisms of substitution reactions of octahedral and square planar complexes; Trans effect; electron transfer reactions. Basic organometallic chemistry Structure and bonding of metal carbonyl complexes; electronic and steric properties of phosphorus ligands, π-complexes of alkenes, alkynes and -- 1 of 3 -- arenes, complexes containing M-C, M=C and M≡C bonds, spectral analysis and characterization Selected topics of bioinorganic chemistry Oxygen carriers and oxygen transport proteins; electron transfer proteins in biological redox reactions; Vitamin B 12 ; Nitrogen fixation.
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暂无评分/ Indicative Syllabus Indicative Titles of Experiments Synthesis and characterization of [Cr(acac)3 ] Preparation of carbonatotetraaminecobalt(III) nitate, chloropentaaminecobalt(III) chloride, and nitro- and nitrite- linkage isomers of pentaaminecobalt(III) chloride Optical isomers of [Co(en) 3 ]3+ Synthesis of meso-tetraphenylporphyrin and meso- tetraphenylporphyrinato zinc(II) complex Oxygen uptake by cobalt(II) complex Analyzing first order kinetics – cis-trans isomerization of mercury dithizonate
/ Indicative Syllabus The project involves a literature search/review or investigation of a fundamental or practical topic in the selected theme. The investigation should include a research element and may include field work or experimental study.
/ Indicative Syllabus The Research Project may involve a theoretical and/or experimental investigation of a fundamental or practical problem in applied biology and biotechnology/ chemical technology/ food safety and technology. The investigation should include a significant research element.
/ Indicative Syllabus DNA repair - DNA damage response - Detection and repair of DNA damages - Regulatory elements during DNA damage response - Effect of DNA damage on DNA replication - DNA repair systems: nucleotide excision repair system, non-homologous end joining and homologous recombination repair systems. Gene mapping in eukaryotes: - RFLPs and SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphism), and GWAS (genome- wide association study) - parametric and non-parametric methods - linkage analysis Non-Mendelian Inheritance - Extranuclear inheritance (mitochondrial genome) - genomic imprinting - Mosaicism Advanced Gene Regulation - Epigenetics and Chromatin remodeling - Post-translational modification: acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation and sumoylation - Transcriptional regulation - siRNA and miRNA (micro RNA) - Protein turnover: the degradation process, the proteasome, ubiquitination and targeting -- 1 of 2 --
/ Indicative Syllabus Lectures: (I) Laboratory techniques that utilize immune cells and antibodies (13 hours): 1. Cellular techniques: Handling and collection of animal tissues including bone marrow and spleen, isolation of lymphocyte populations including density-gradient separation (Ficoll Isopague), rosetting, panning and immunomagnetic beads, purification of various types of white blood cells, including multi-color fluorometry, flow cytometry and magnetic cell separation, effector cell assays such as plague- forming cell assay, Enzyme-linked immune SPOT (ELISPOT) assay, lymphocyte- stimulation test and cytotoxicity assay, complement assays, gene targeting and transgenic animals. (6 hours) 2. Use of antibodies based techniques: Production of antibodies in model animals (including rats, rabbits and chickens), purification of polyclonal antibodies, monoclonal antibodies production, conjugation and labeling of antibodies, concept of equivalence, immunodiffusion, rocket as well as crossed-immunoelectro- phoresis, immunoassays including radioimmunoassay (RIA), Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), competitive assay, two-site capture assay, immunoblotting and immunoprecipitation, immunohistochemistry, immuno- fluorescence. (7 hours). (II) Vaccinology (13 hours) 1. Basic concepts including the different types of vaccines, immune targets for protection, immune enhancement for polysaccharides targets by conjugation to other proteins, use of adjuvants and different ways of vaccine application (injections and others) and commonly used vaccines. (7 hours) 2. Making a vaccine: Vaccine development and licensure, disease burden analysis for new vaccine, technologies for new vaccine preparation and formulation, regulatory processes for new vaccine approval, vaccine formulation, pre-clinical and clinical
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暂无评分/ Indicative Syllabus Protein purification (Micro to Macro): classical and modern techniques in protein purification; micropurification and analysis; purification of synthetic proteins; bulk precipitation and phase partition methods; chromatographic techniques in processing scale; FPLC system; new separation concepts. Protein folding: basic concepts; protein folding and diseases; protein-folding models; experimental approaches; crystallographic determination of protein structure. Protein engineering: site-directed mutagenesis and its application to protein structure; dissection and engineering of sites; development and testing of structural models. Protein production: production of secreted proteins in bacteria and yeast; expression of cloned genes in mammalian cells; Bacillus as an expression system; production of pharmaceutical proteins in the milk of transgenic animals; production of useful protein in transgenic plants; large scale culture of mammalian cell for production of therapeutic proteins. Industrial uses of enzymes: enzymes in food biotechnology and industry; enzymes in organic synthesis; enzymes in analysis and medicines; enzymes in genetic engineering. -- 1 of 3 --
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暂无评分/ Indicative Syllabus Recent updates on cancer diagnosis and therapy - Introduction of cancer, diagnosis and therapy - Cancer stem cells - Cell free DNA testing (Plasma RNA – prenatal and cancer Diagnosis) - Next generation sequencing technology and personalized medicine - Cancer screening via protein biomarker analysis (circulating cancer cells and single cell) - Mouse model for cancer research - Health and safety ethical issues in animal handling and stem cell technology - Cancer immunology Contemporary concept and applications of stem cells - Stem cell technologies – basics and applications - Induced pluripotent stem cell technology Genome editing - CRISPR technology and its application